Наличие версии для слабовидящих (для инвалидов и лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья по зрению)

RU
EN
АЛТАЙСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ МЕДИЦИНСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
Бюллетень медицинской науки

ВЗГЛЯД НА КОРРЕКЦИЮ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОГО СИНДРОМА ВИТАМИНАМИ СО СТОРОНЫ ДОКАЗАТЕЛЬНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

ВЗГЛЯД НА КОРРЕКЦИЮ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОГО СИНДРОМА ВИТАМИНАМИ СО СТОРОНЫ ДОКАЗАТЕЛЬНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

УДК 616-08: 612.015.3:615.356:614.25
DOI: 10.31684/25418475-2024-3-114

Берг В. О.
Алтайский государственный медицинский университет
(ФГБОУ ВО АГМУ Минздрава России)
Россия, 656038, Алтайский край, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 40
E-mail: 922kvo@mail.ru
E-library SPIN: 6968-3925, Researcher ID: ABB-8780-2021
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5752-3003

Семенюк Т. Г.
Алтайский государственный медицинский университет
(ФГБОУ ВО АГМУ Минздрава России)
Россия, 656038, Алтайский край, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 40
E-mail: brn.tgs@mail.ru
E-library SPIN: 3650-5176
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-0585

Вдовин В. М.
Алтайский государственный медицинский университет
(ФГБОУ ВО АГМУ Минздрава России)
Россия, 656038, Алтайский край, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 40
E-mail: erytrab@gmail.com
E-library SPIN: 5885-4504, Researcher ID: B-4400-2019
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-3627
Ключевые слова: метаболический синдром, сахарный диабет, ожирение, атеросклероз, витамины, осложнения метаболического синдрома
Аннотация:
В обзоре научной литературы рассматривается актуальность применения витаминов (Е, K, D, C и группы B) при метаболическом синдроме, который является распространенным заболеванием, приводящим к ранней инвалидизации и смертности больных по всему миру. Рост заболеваемости ведет к поиску новых путей в комплексном лечении как самого заболевания, так и его осложнений. В настоящее время новые нутрицевтические средства проходят тщательную экспертизу в строгих условиях доказательной медицины, что является гарантией их эффективности и безопасности. В проанализированной литературе приведены экспериментальные данные и результаты клинических исследований, подтверждающие эффективное применение витаминов в патогенетическом лечении метаболического синдрома.
Библиографические ссылки:

Fahed G., Aoun L., Zerdan M.B., Allam S., Bouferraa Y., Assi H.I. Metabolic Syndrome: Updates on Pathophysiology and Management in 2021. Int J Mol Sci. 2022; Jan 12; 23(2): 786https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020786

Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Клинические рекомендации по ведению больных с метаболическим синдромом. Москва 2013. .

Douglas K.B., Forbes H., Santos-Silva I., Leon D.A., Smeeth L. Body-mass index and risk of 22 specific cancers: a population-based cohort study of 5·24 million UK adults. Lancet. 2014; 384: 755-65https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60892-8

Despres J.P., Lemieux I. Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nature. 2006; 444: 881https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05488

Abdelaal M., Roux C., Docherty N. Morbidity and mortality associated with obesity. Ann Transl Med. 2017 Apr; 5(7): 161https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2017.03.107

Larsen T., Dalskov S. The Diet, Obesity and Genes (Diogenes) Dietary Study in eight European countries – a comprehensive design for long‐term intervention. Obes Rev. 2010 Jan; 11(1): 76-91https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00603.x

Hardy L.L., Denney-Wilson E., Thrift A.P., Okely A.D., Baur L.A. Screen time and metabolic risk factors among adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 Jul; 164(7): 643-9https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.88

Hu F.B., Li T.Y., Colditz G.A., Willett W.C., Manson J.E. Television watching and other sedentary behaviors in relation to risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. JAMA. 2003 Apr 9; 289(14): 1785-91https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.289.14.1785

Hu F.B., Leitzmann M. F., Stampfer M. J., Colditz G. A., Willett W. C., Rimm E. B. Physical activity and television watching in relation to risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in men. Arch Intern Med. 2001 Jun 25; 161(12): 1542-8. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.161.12.1542

Innes K.E., Bourguignon C., Taylor A.G. Risk Indices Associated with the Insulin Resistance Syndrome, Cardiovascular Disease, and Possible Protection with Yoga: A Systematic Review. The Journal of the American Board of Family Practice. November 2005; 18(6): 491-519https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.18.6.491

Maury E., Ramsey K.M., Bass J. Circadian rhythms and metabolic syndrome: from experimental genetics to human disease. Circ Res. 2010 Feb 19; 106(3): 447-62https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.208355

Kobayashi D., Takahashi O., Deshpande G.A., Shimbo T., Fukui T. Association between weight gain, obesity, and sleep duration: a large-scale 3-year cohort study. Sleep Breath. 2012 Sep; 16(3): 829-33https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-011-0583-0

Shi Y., Dong T., Zeng B., Yao M., Wang Y., Xie Z., Xiao W., Yuan Y. Production of Plant Sesquiterpene Lactone Parthenolide in the Yeast Cell Factory. ACS Synth Biol. 2022 Jul 15; 11(7): 2473-2483https://doi.org/10.1021/acssynbio.2c00132

Shi Y., Zhou C. Synthesis and evaluation of a class of new coumarin triazole derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Feb 1; 21(3): 956-60https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.12.059

Shi Y., Stefan C. J., Rue S. M., Teis D., Emr S.D. Two novel WD40 domain-containing proteins, Ere1 and Ere2, function in the retromer-mediated endosomal recycling pathway. Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Nov; 22(21): 4093-107https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E11-05-0440

Nedeltcheva A.V., Kilkus J.M., Imperial J., Schoeller D.A., Penev P.D. Insufficient sleep undermines dietary efforts to reduce adiposity. Ann Intern Med. 2010 Oct 5; 153(7): 435-41https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-7-201010050-00006

Li X., Lin L., Pang X., Du S., Zhang W., Na G., Ma H., Zhang O., Jiang S., Deng S., Han T., Sun C., Li Y. U-shaped relationships between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome components in males: a prospective cohort study. Sleep Med. 2015 Aug; 16(8): 949-54https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.03.024

Wong P.M., Hasler B. Social Jetlag, Chronotype, and Cardiometabolic Risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Dec; 100(12): 4612-20https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-2923

Weibel L., Spiegel K., Gronfier C., Follenius M., Brandenberger G. Twenty-four-hour melatonin and core body temperature rhythms: their adaptation in night workers. Am J Physiol. 1997 Mar; 272(3Pt2): R948-54https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.3.R948

Кудрин А.В., Громова O.A. Микроэлементы в иммунологии и онкологии. Программы института микроэлементов ЮНЕСКО. М.: «Гэотар-МЕД», 2007: 970.

Меньщикова Е.Б., Ланкин В.З., Зенков Н.К., Бондарь И.А., Круговых Н.Ф., Труфакин В.А. Окислительный стресс. Прооксиданты и антиоксиданты. М.: «Слово», 2006: 553.

Спиричев В.Б., Шатнюк Л.Н., Позднянский В.М. Обогащение пищевых продуктов витаминами и минеральными веществами. Новосибирск: Сибирское университетское издание, 2004: 547.

Красюкова В.О., Семенюк Т.Г., Вдовин В.М. Эффективность применения витаминоподобных веществ в комплексной терапии сахарного диабета и его осложнений (обзор литературы). Бюллетень медицинской науки. 2023; 2(30): 106-115https://doi.org/10.31684/25418475-2023-2-106

Коденцова В.М. Витамины. М.: ООО «Издательство «Медицинское информационное агентство», 2015: 408.

Spahis S., Borys J.M., Levy E. Metabolic Syndrome as a Multifaceted Risk Factor for Oxidative Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2017 Mar 20; 26(9): 445-461. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2016.6756

Asbaghi O., Nazarian B., Yousefi M., Anjom-Shoae J., Rasekhi H., Sadeghi O. Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr J. 2023 Feb 17; 22(1): 10https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-023-00840-1

Gazis A., White D.J., Page S.R., Cockcroft J.R. Effect of oral vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) supplementation on vascular endothelial function in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 1999 Apr; 16(4): 304-11https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00049.x

Hochberg I., Berinstein E.M., Milman U., Shapira C., Levy A.P. Interaction Between the Haptoglobin Genotype and Vitamin E on Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2017 Jun; 17(6): 42https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0868-1

Goldenstein H., Levy N.S., Lipener Y.T., Levy A.P. Patient selection and vitamin E treatment in diabetes mellitus. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2013 Mar; 11(3): 319-26https://doi.org/10.1586/erc.12.187

Chuar P.F., Ng Y.T., Phang S.C., Koay Y.Y., Ho J.I., Ho L.S., Botross N.P., Ahmad B., Abdul K. K. Tocotrienol-Rich Vitamin E (Tocovid) Improved Nerve Conduction Velocity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Phase II Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients. 2021 Oct 25; 13(11): 3770https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113770

Varsamis N.A., Christou G.A., Kiortsis D.N. A critical review of the effects of vitamin K on glucose and lipid homeostasis: its potential role in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. Hormones (Athens). 2021 Sep; 20(3): 415-422https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-020-00268-w

Ho H.J., Komai M., Shirakawa H. Beneficial Effects of Vitamin K Status on Glycemic Regulation and Diabetes Mellitus: A Mini-Review. Nutrients. 2020 Aug 18; 12(8): 2485https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082485

Popa D.S., Bigman G., Rusu M.E. The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Apr 6; 10(4): 566https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040566

Брещенко Е.Е., Мелконян К.И. Под редакцией проф. Быкова И.М. Биологически активные вещества. Витамины, ферменты, гормоны: учебно-методическое пособие. Краснодар, 2019: 125. ISBN 978-5-93491-827-0.

Hurskainen A., Virtanen J.K., Tuomainen T., Nurmi T., Voutilainen S. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with type 2 diabetes and markers of insulin resistance in a general older population in Finland. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2012 Jul; 28(5): 418-23https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.2286

Pittas A.G., Lau J., Hu F.B., Dawson-Hughes B. The role of vitamin D and calcium in type 2 diabetes. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jun; 92(6): 2017-29https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-0298

Al-Daghri N.M., Alkharfy K.M., Al-Othman A., El-Kholie E., Moharram O., Alokail M.S., Al-Saleh Y., Sabico S., Kumar S., Chrousos G.P. Vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant therapy for patients with T2DM: an 18-month prospective interventional study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012 Jul 18: 11: 85https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-11-85

Tiwari S., Pratyush D.D., Gupta B., Dwivedi A., Chaudhary S., Rayicherla R.K., Gupta S.K., Singh S.K. Prevalence and severity of vitamin D deficiency in patients with diabetic foot infection. Br J Nutr. 2013 Jan 14; 109(1): 99-102https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512000578

Beaulieu C., Kestekian R., Havrankova J., Gascon-Barré M. Calcium is essential in normalizing intolerance to glucose that accompanies vitamin D depletion in vivo. Diabetes. 1993 Jan; 42(1): 35-43https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.42.1.35

Boucher B.J. Inadequate vitamin D status: does it contribute to the disorders comprising syndrome 'X'? Br J Nutr. 1998 Apr; 79(4): 315-27https://doi.org/10.1079/bjn19980055

Chiu K.C., Chu A., Go V.L., Saad M.F. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 May; 79(5): 820-5https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/79.5.820

Mitri J., Pittas A.G. Vitamin D and diabetes. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2014 Mar; 43(1): 205-32https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2013.09.010

Pittas A.G., Jorde R., Kawahara T., Dawson-Hughes B. Vitamin D Supplementation for Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: To D or Not to D? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Dec 1; 105(12): 3721-33https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa594

Ahmed L.H., Butler A.E., Dargham S.R., Latif A., Robay A., Chidiac O.M., Jayyousi A., Al Suwaidi J., Crystal R.G., Atkin S.L., Abi Khalil C. Association of vitamin D2 and D3 with type 2 diabetes complications. BMC Endocr Disord. 2020 May 15; 20(1): 65https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-020-00549-w

Горбачева Ф.Е., Зиновьева О.Е., Мохова О.И., Абдулина О.В. Сравнительная оценка эффективности антиоксидантной терапии в лечении диабетической полинейропатии. Неврологический журнал. 2004; 9: 36-39. – EDN ONLKSD.

Evans J.L., Goldfine I.D., Maddux B.A., Grodsky G.M. Oxidative stress and stress-activated signaling pathways: a unifying hypothesis of type 2 diabetes. Endocr Rev. 2002 Oct; 23(5): 599-622https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2001-0039

Graham T.E., Yang Q., Blüher M., Hammarstedt A., Ciaraldi T.P., Henry R.R., Wason C.J., Oberbach A., Jansson P., Smith U., Kahn B.B. Retinol-binding protein 4 and insulin resistance in lean, obese, and diabetic subjects. N Engl J Med. 2006 Jun 15; 354(24): 2552-63https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa054862

Mason S.A., Keske M.A., Wadley G.D. Effects of Vitamin C Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Diabetes Care. 2021 Feb; 44(2): 618-630https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1893

Mason S.A., Parker L., van der Pligt P., Wadley G.D. Vitamin C supplementation for diabetes management: A comprehensive narrative review. Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Jan; 194: 255-283https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.003

Sun H., Karp J., Sun K.M., Weaver C.M. Decreasing Vitamin C Intake, Low Serum Vitamin C Level and Risk for US Adults with Diabetes. Nutrients. 2022 Sep 21; 14(19): 3902https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14193902

Gunton J.E., Girgis C.M., Lau T., Vicaretti M., Begg L., Flood V. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Nutr. 2021 Nov 28; 126(10): 1451-1458https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114520003815

Коденцова В.М. Обмен витаминов группы В при сахарном диабете. Проблемы эндокринологии. 2000; 5: 39-45. – EDN NJQRAPhttps://doi.org/10.14341/probl11876

Selva M. L., Beltramo E., Pagnozzi F., Bena E., Molinatti P. A., Molinatti G. M., Porta M. Thiamine corrects delayed replication and decreases production of lactate and advanced glycation end-products in bovine retinal and human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured under high glucose conditions. Diabetologia. 1996 Nov; 39(11): 1263-8https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250050568

Thakur K., Tomar S.K., Singh A.K., Mandal S., Arora S. Riboflavin and health: A review of recent human research. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2017 Nov 22; 57(17): 3650-3660https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2016.1145104.

Olfat N., Ashoori M., Saedisomeolia A. Riboflavin is an antioxidant: a review update. Br J Nutr. 2022 Nov 28; 128(10): 1887-1895https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521005031

Lonn E. , Yusuf S., Arnold M. J., Sheridan P., Pogue J., Micks M., McQueen M. J., Probstfield J., Fodor G., Held C., Genest J. Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 13; 354(15): 1567-77https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa060900

Beltramo E., Mazzeo A., Porta M. Thiamine and diabetes: back to the future? Acta Diabetol. 2021 Nov; 58(11): 1433-1439https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-021-01752-4

Hochholzer W., Berg D.D., Giugliano R.P. The facts behind niacin. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Oct; 5(5): 227-40https://doi.org/10.1177/1753944711419197

Houston M.C., Fazio S., Chilton F.H., Wise D.E., Jones K.B., Barringer T.A., Bramlet D.A. Nonpharmacologic treatment of dyslipidemia. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Sep-Oct; 52(2): 61-94https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2009.02.002

Ruparelia N., Digby J.E., Choudhury R.P. Effects of niacin on atherosclerosis and vascular function. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2011 Jan; 26(1): 66-70https://doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0b013e3283410c16

Berge K.G., Canner P.L. Coronary drug project: experience with niacin. Coronary Drug Project Research Group. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1991: 40 Suppl 1: S49-51https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01409409

Lee J.M., Robson M.D., Yu L., Shirodaria C.C., Cunnington C., Kylintireas I., Digby J.E., Bannister T., Handa A., Wiesmann F., Durrington P.N., Channon K. M., Neubauer S., Choudhury R.P. Effects of high-dose modified-release nicotinic acid on atherosclerosis and vascular function: a randomized, placebo-controlled, magnetic resonance imaging study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 Nov 3; 54(19): 1787-94https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.06.036

Савченко А.А., Анисимова Е.Н., Борисов А.Г., Кондаков А.Е. Витамины как основа иммунометаболической терапии. Красноярск: Издательство КрасГМУ, 2011: 213.

Rumberger J.A., Napolitano J., Azumano I., Kamiya T., Evans M. Pantethine, a derivative of vitamin B(5) used as a nutritional supplement, favorably alters low-density lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism in low- to moderate-cardiovascular risk North American subjects: a triple-blinded placebo and diet-controlled investigation. Nutr Res. 2011 Aug; 31(8): 608-15https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2011.08.001

Okada M., Shibuya M., Yamamoto E., Murakami Y. Effect of diabetes on vitamin B6 requirement in experimental animals. Diabetes Obes Metab. 1999 Jul; 1(4): 221-5https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.1999.00028.x

Verhoef P., Stampfer M.J., Buring J.E., Gaziano J.M., Allen R.H., Stabler S.P., Reynolds R.D., Kok F.J., Hennekens C.H., Willett W.C. Homocysteine metabolism and risk of myocardial infarction: relation with vitamins B6, B12, and folate. Am J Epidemiol. 1996 May 1; 143(9): 845-59https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008828

Chen C., Yeh E., Chen C., Huang S., Huang Y. Vitamin B-6, Independent of Homocysteine, Is a Significant Factor in Relation to Inflammatory Responses for Chronic Kidney Disease and Hemodialysis Patients. Biomed Res Int. 2017: 7367831https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7367831

Liu Z., Li P., Zhao Z.H., Zhang Y., Ma Z.M., Wang S.X. Vitamin B6 Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Apoe (-/-) Mice Fed with High-Fat Diet. J Diabetes Res. 2016; 1748065https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1748065

Abdullah K.M., Abul Q.F., Hasan H., Naseem I. Anti-diabetic study of vitamin B6 on hyperglycaemia induced protein carbonylation, DNA damage and ROS production in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Toxicol Res (Camb). 2019 Jun 11; 8(4): 568-579https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tx00089e

Zhu J., Chen C., Lu L., Yang K., Reis J., He K. Intakes of Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 in Relation to Diabetes Incidence Among American Young Adults: A 30-Year Follow-up Study. Diabetes Care. 2020 Oct; 43(10): 2426-2434https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0828

Wu S., Feng P., Li W., Zhuo S., Lu W., Chen P., Sui Y., Fang S., Yang Z., Ye Y. Dietary Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study. Ann Nutr Metab. 2023; 79(1): 5-15https://doi.org/10.1159/000527529

Zhao J.V., Schooling C.M., Zhao J.X. The effects of folate supplementation on glucose metabolism and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Epidemiol. 2018 Apr; 28(4): 249-257.e1https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.02.001

El-Khodary N.M., Dabees H., Werida R.H. Folic acid effect on homocysteine, sortilin levels and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Nutr Diabetes. 2022 Jun 22; 12(1): 33https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-022-00210-6

Bell D.S. Metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency can cause or worsen distal symmetrical, autonomic and cardiac neuropathy in the patient with diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Aug; 24(8): 1423-1428https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.14734

Didangelos T., Karlafti E., Kotzakioulafi E., Margariti E., Giannoulaki P., Batanis G., Tesfaye S., Kantartzis K. Vitamin B12 Supplementation in Diabetic Neuropathy: A 1-Year, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2021 Jan 27; 13(2): 395https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020395

Sun Y., Lai M., Lu C. Effectiveness of vitamin B12 on diabetic neuropathy: systematic review of clinical controlled trials. Acta Neurol Taiwan. 2005 Jun; 14(2): 48-54.

Narang M., Singh M., Dange S. Serum Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Levels in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. J Assoc Physicians India. 2016 Jul; 64(7): 22-26.

Берг Вероника Олеговна

старший преподаватель кафедры патологической физиологии, Алтайский государственный медицинский университет, г. Барнаул.

Семенюк Татьяна Геннадьевна

старший преподаватель кафедры патологической физиологии, Алтайский государственный медицинский университет, г. Барнаул.

Вдовин Вячеслав Михайлович

к. м. н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой патологической физиологии, Алтайский государственный медицинский университет, г. Барнаул.